Thursday, October 31, 2019
Cae Inc. Recommendation To Acquire Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Cae Inc. Recommendation To Acquire - Essay Example These recommendations are based on the previous analysis of the firm’s current performance and Strengths, Weakness Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) analysis. An accord recommendation is established by an optimal comparison of numerical figures, estimating average values to the closest integer. In most cases, a non-US based research is more suitable for determining the future of the company since the company operates internationally in 20 countries (CAE Global Academy Official site, 2012). Recommendations to Acquire With reference to the firm’s two year price target range, it is prudent to conclude that the company’s agreed price to acquire is $ 13.6 for the shares of the firm (Zacks Investment Research, 2012). The price targets are determined by approximating the future earnings per security and then making use of the multiple of price to earnings commonly known as the price earnings ratio. As shown in the diagram below it would be appropriate for the company to acquire another firm when the share price is at its highest level since the target firm will be forced to lower its share price in preference for a better performing firm such as CAE Inc. at the lowest share price which is less than $ 9.50 the company will not be in a position to acquire the target firm given the many different rivals in the market. Source: Attachments From the SWOT analysis in the preliminary report earlier on handed, it is noted that the company has a variety of opportunities available which includes the underdeveloped health care and mining industries (Annual Report of the CAE. 2012). This analysis is important to the firm as it would be appropriate for it to make bid for the firms in the respective industries at 10Am or 1 Pm when the day’s share prices are selling at a maximum share offer. As shown in the diagram below the quoted price is highest at $ 10.08 at the indicated times. Thus the assumption from the diagram below is that the bids to be considere d by the firm must be launched at either 10am or 1pm for the respective firms. Source: Attachments The company must not ignore the potential threats available which include the reduction in the defense services and military markets globally as well as the escalating fuel and the energy prices. These must be taken into consideration when making bids for the target firm. The price consented to must incorporate possible impact of the rise in the fuel prices. This is to avoid loss making in the first years of operation after the takeover or acquisition process. The process of acquisition entails various costs which must not be ignored by the financial analysts of the firm. In this point of view, it is necessary for the company to bear in mind the momentum of the analysts’ reviews. Notably, there seem to be a positive or constructive analysis or prediction of the firm’s future growth. The momentum stands at 7 of 9 approximations predicting an upward growth of the firm by an EPS mean change of 1.33 by the year 2013 (CAE Global Academy Official site, 2012). The valuation of the firm is considerably high which must be in line with the potential target firms. From the preliminary report, it has been noted with a lot of concern that the Healthcare market which is one of the main areas of operations by the firm has a diversity of shortcomings and opportunities.
Tuesday, October 29, 2019
Assessment Methods Essay Example for Free
Assessment Methods Essay Diagnostic assessment is a pre assessment that determines a difficulty for the student in a precise area. This type of assessment provides teachers with information of the student’s previous awareness of the topic, their interest and attitude before instructing a lesson (McMillan 2011, p 6). Diagnostic assessment information can be collected from Summative assessments of the previous lesson. It is important to note the expectation of what the students should know, understand and be able to do at the end of the lesson as this is an integral part of an effective lesson (McMillan 2011, p 8). Formative assessment occurs during instructions, giving feedback to students on their work to assess their level and determine the next level of work activities (McMillan 2011, p 6). This type of assessment takes place during learning and helps to improve the lesson as the learning is monitored and the progress of the student is noted (McMillan 2011, p 8). The student has the opportunity to improve learning during the lesson through the feedback and send them in the right direction of learning. Learning problems are able to be distinguished during the lesson and actioned accordingly, and instructional adjustments can be made (McMillan 2011, p 8). Summative assessment takes place at the completion of the lesson to determine the student’s level of understanding, their knowledge and can physically do (McMillan 2011, p 6). This is the aim of the lesson to decide if the teaching has been positive and that the students have achieved at the anticipated level of learning. Students are graded, teachers and lessons are evaluated to assess the effectiveness of the plan (McMillan 2011, p 8). The three assessment types that form the assessment cycle are an integral part of a primary classroom learning structure. Students with learning disabilities need to be assessed in the early stages of their learning to determine the techniques of tailored learning to be applied. Using Diagnostic assessment â€Å"effective teachers were found to have tailored instruction to students’ unique needs and interests, finding just the right materials to reach their students†Robinson, G. (2008). Teaching numeracy skills a Formative assessment is then used to improve learning throughout the lesson. A summative assessment is then required to determine the student’s numeracy capabilities. Assessment is an important part of the education curriculum, to enable an effective learning environment for the students. It also allows the teacher to ensure the lesson is tailored to the students learning disabilities and there needs to achieve the learning result desired. References McMillan, J. H. (2011).
Sunday, October 27, 2019
Principles Of Software Development
Principles Of Software Development Gagandeep Singh (a) Different types of number system:- 1 binary The binary number system can be represented by 2 digits (0 and 1) . all the data of our computer is in the form of binary numbers. Binary number is mostly used in electronic circuit to check there voltages (i.e., on/off switch) where 0 consider when switch is off and 1 when switch is on. Moreover the base of binary number is 2 because it has only 2 digits and each binary digit is known as bit. Examples-a (010101)2                      B (1010.101)2 Decimal:- decimal number system can be represented by 10 types of digits from 0 to 9, so the base of decimal number system is 10. This is one of the most simple and familiar with everyone. Examples-A (456374)10                     B (143.345)10 Octal:- it can be represented by 8 different types from 0 to 7, so the base of octal is 8. The group of 3 binary digit is equal to 1 octal number. For example- 000 binary number is equal to 0, 001 binary number is equal to 1 and so on. Moreover in this octal number system any digit is always less than 8 because 8 has not a valid digit. For example-a (6342)8                                                               B (2473.564)8 Hexadecimal:- hexadecimal can be represented by 16 digits from 0 to 15 but 0 to 9 can be in digits but 10 to 15 in alphabets like 10 =A, 11=B, 12=C, 13=D, 14=E, 15=F. Only complex or wide numbers are used in this system. For example-A (CD45)16                          B (D77.4A6)16. (codesand tutorials) (b) convert 10310 to binary Answer = binary 1100111 Hexadecimal is 67 Octal is 147  (c) Convert (1011010)2 to decimal and hexadecimal. Answer = Decimal (1011010)2 (1011010)2 = 126 + 0x25 + 124 + 123 + 0x22 + 121 + 0x20 = 164 + 0x32 + 116 + 18 + 0x4 + 12 + 0x1 = 64 + 0 + 16 + 8 + 0 + 2 + 0 = (90)10 Hexadecimal is 5A.  Integer it consist whole number that can be positive or negative like 12, 0, -12 or 1344. But integers cant be in decimals. It is used to search the items in the computer with the help of array. It occupy 2 and 4 bytes. And the range for signed integers is -32,468 to 32767 or -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647. For unsigned the range value is 0 to 65,535 or 0 to 4,294,967,295. Example:-     Int id; (Techterm) Character a character may be any letter, number or symbol than can be typed on computer. There are two types of the character data types. Signed and unsigned. Each character occupy 1 byte of storage. Range of signed char is -128 to 127 and for unsignedis 0 to 255. Example:- Char name; (techterm) Float when we want to store a decimal values in the variable than we can say this is float. It is also known as real number data type and the storage size of float is 4 bytes. The range is 1.2E-38 to 3.4E+38. Float avg; Double when we have to use data type on big eateries that type of data is double data type. Moreover storage size of double data type is 8 bytes. Boolean-when we have only two option like yes/no or true/false then we can say this type of data is known as Boolean data. Different types of coding system 1. BCD Code The full form of BCD is binary coded system. It has represented by 4 binary digits because it has 4 bit code. This code is mostly used in the past. 2. EBCDIC Code EBCDIC means extended binary coded decimal interchange code which can be represented by 256 characters and it has 8 bit code. 3. ASCII ASCII stands for American standard code for information interchange. The founder of this is ANSI (American National Standard Institute) in 1968 and mostly prefers to use on personal computer. It has 7 bit code which can be represented by 128 characters. This code is not enough to represent the graphics character on computer screen. As 8 bit character represent 256 character and the extended 128 character has unique code represent graphic symbols. 4. Unicode Unicode has a 16 bit code and it can be representing by 65536 characters. The main purpose of this is to replace ASCII code because it can represent all the characters of all languages in the world. (Ameen, 2011) 5 Barcode A barcode is just like a image of small lines which shows the retails and identify the particular items. The code of the product is entered in the computer before to put on the shells. Moreover it has five main parts : a quiet zone, a start character, data character, a stop character, and another quiet zone. (manufacturingERP)
Friday, October 25, 2019
Analysis of Three Scenes in Raging Bull Essay -- Movies Film Cinematog
Analysis of the Raging Bull We analyzed two scenes in a movie called the Raging Bull. There were lots of clever techniques that were used. I was looking for five factors in those two scenes: the editing, the lighting and color, the use of the camera the sound and the mise en scene. I will analyze the scenes as much as I can and explain what they signify if possible. Scene 1 This first scene was actually the introduction of the movie. There was no editing or camera movement involved in this scene. The scene was filmed in black and white, I believe the director did this to connote to the audience that this is a piece of history. Black and white pictures also connotes the idea of something legendary and historic. This could fit in the topics of mise en scene or lighting and colour. However I believe it is more in the mise en scene topic because it creates an atmosphere that this is something historic and legendary. The intro was also filmed in slow motion with a slow song. I believe that the non-diegetic soundtrack was a parallel sound because it matched with the use of slow motion. The director uses these two together intentionally to manipulate the audience and to allow them to get into the mood of this movie. I felt like I was watching something important and historic. The soundtrack was the only sound you could here during that first scene. This scene took place in an arena, where there was a ring. The boxer was continuously jumping up and down, warming his self up on the left hand side of the ring. This was an asymmetrical piece because of how the boxer was always on the left hand side of the ring wi... ...ers. We felt like we were in the ring and part of the action. I noticed a few other things which I felt were also important. The darkening of the audience during the fight showed that they were not important and that the director wanted us to focus on the fight. I realised that the sound during the brawl in the audience was loud, and there was a use of low key lighting, which showed how intense and important this game is, that even the crowd got involved. There was silence at the start of the final round which signified how crucial and important this final round is. I realised that there was smoke behind that opponent’s head during the break, which could signify that he was the bad one. I conclude that these five important factors were used to create atmospheres and to connote to the audience what is the situation.
Thursday, October 24, 2019
Personal Statement †Graduate Program/Social Work Essay
Since I was a child my passion was in education. If anyone asked me â€Å"what do you want to be when you grow up?†my response was always the same â€Å"a teacher.†I always had a strong sense of compassion and a strong desire to help people. I consider myself to be very well-rounded, sensitive and a good listener, I am happiest when I am working to help others. When I first started my path towards my bachelor’s degree in education, I knew I was well on my way to becoming a teacher, I was excited to know that my dream was finally coming true. Then one day during my last year at Montclair State University I took a class with Dr. Reid â€Å"Field Experience Family/Child Services†that focused on different social issues that affect society. When I heard Dr. Reid discuss various research projects that had been conducted on how children from low socioeconomic households and communities develop academic skills more slowly compared to children from higher socioe conomic groups, I knew that I wanted to affect change on a totally different level. During the course of that class we discussed how children’s academic skills are directly correlated with their home environment and under- resourced schools often located in lower economic communities. This was very apparent in the field work I did that semester at Straight and Narrow, Inc. located in Paterson New Jersey. This program helped families rebuild relationships after serving time in correctional facilities and/or rehabilitation programs. After that semester I was certain without a doubt that I was making the right decision of changing my major from teaching to social work. Although I have always been blessed in that I was raised by loving parents and have been surrounded by a healthy environment, I have always had and felt compassion for people who were not as fortunate as me. Whether the individual is a child, an elderly person, disabled or financially unstable person, I have always firmly believed that all people are created equal and as such should be treated the same no matter what their circumstances may be. I have always advocated and assisted people who do not have a voice, are scared or simply do not know where to ask for assistance. Everyone is entitled to be made aware of their rights and if they cannot speak for themselves, they deserve to be assisted by a knowledgeable and professional person who genuinely puts forth an effort to help reach his or her goals. I am saddened when I find out cases where various social services and or resolutions were available but not used in order to assist a child and/or person in need to overcome their circumstances. I have worked in the social service field in one capacity or another for the past year and half, and have learned that in order to fix any type of problem in the community you must find the root of the problem. Therefore, I strongly believe that working with children and exposing them to positive changes during their formative years is crucial in making them productive adults for the future. I would like to continue working with children and families, as this group concerns me the most. In addition, I feel that young people at risk and elderly people without a voice are compatible. I believe that children generally speaking can benefit and learn a lot from being exposed to older and wiser people. I grew up loving and admiring older people in my family such as my grandmother. The sense of respect and wisdom gained from elderly people are very healthy for children. I would like to someday see more interest to be taken in bringing young and elderly people together, especially at-risk teens. By acknowledging and understanding the interconnected systems that affect these groups, I hope to make a difference in the lives of children, families and their surrounding environments. During the time I was completing my undergraduate degree, I took a lot of time to reflect and self-assess my strengths and areas I would like to grow and improve upon. The area that I feel that has always been the most important for me and that I continue to always seek improvement is the Social Worker’s commitment to their Client. The client’s best interest should always come first, in spite of your own personal beliefs, society’s stigmatizations and in some cases the client’s own wants. Sometimes this has been the most challenging part of my work experience; therefore, I look to take courses during my masters program that can improve and strengthen my communication skills with my clients; especially when the right choice for a client may not be the most difficult choice. Competence is a principle I value and always remember to use. I am aware that the class curriculum, field practice and prior work experience are all indicators of my abilities in social work practice. I am confident in my abilities in working with others and understand the importance of teamwork. Therefore, as I continue to work in the field and various social service agencies, I understand the importance in building a network of more experienced professionals in the field of social work, in order to be able to consult with them and learn different practices used in the field. An area that I look to further expand my skills is in techniques in interviewing the client. Because of my work experience, I am confident in working with disabled people and children on an individual and group basis, yet since my experience is limited, I feel I can further improve upon my interviewing skills through more education and field practice. Through various assignments in my previous courses and wo rk experience, I have realized there are better ways of asking questions to get effective client feedback. I continue to explore different interview methods and approaches when it comes to dealing with different clients. No matter how difficult the client or their circumstances, I am ready for the challenge. I currently work at the Mental Health Association of Essex County in Montclair New Jersey as a Recovery Counselor. At this agency we help mentally disabled adults and homeless at-risk teenagers integrate into independent living. We provide assistance with employment opportunities, with obtaining social security benefits, financial counseling and provide transportation to various support service agencies. In addition, we help our client’s secure permanent housing through state funding programs. My family is very supportive of my going to graduate school and they are willing to help and support in any way that they can. In retrospect, I always knew I was destined to choose a career path in public service, the most influential people in my upbringing service the public in one way or another. My father is a 24 year veteran in the Newark Police Department, not only is he a sergeant but he has also served as a Deputy Mayor and City Council Member during his tenure. My mother has worked for the past 22 years in the Division of Welfare, specifically working with the women and children’s program. In addition, my step mother, brother and aunt serve as police officers for many years. After gaining some work experience in the field, the decision to further pursue a masters degree at the Rutgers University School of Social Work seemed like the natural next step to take in order to further enhance my career and skills. Once admitted to the masters program, my preference is to intern in a school setting in order to gain a more centralized experience in the area of guidance counselor and social work. As a professional social worker with a masters degree from Rutgers University School of Social Work I see myself as an advocate within the school system, where I can work one-on-one with children as a guidance counselor or family social worker. I believe that furthering my education coupled with my passion for children is where I am best suited to affect the most change and make an impacting difference. In addition, being a successful Latina is important to me, by setting a positive role model for others younger that I to follow as an example to the community, specifically being able to communicate professionally not only in English but in Spanish as well. Rutgers School of Social Work has the best masters program in the area and I feel that they will provide me with the best credentials to be successful in the future as a social worker. Thank you for your consideration of my application.
Tuesday, October 22, 2019
Bed Bath & Beyond’s Plan for Growth Essay
Bed Bath & Beyond (BB&B, www.bedbathandbeyond.com), the power retailer of domestics and home furnishings, has annual sales of $7 billion and a net income of $562 million. The firm’s profitability can be explained by its increasing gross profit margins at the same time it decreases selling, general, and administrative (SG&A) expenses as a percent of sales. BB&B is able to increase its gross profit margins due to its excellent atmosphere, wide assortments, and a deep variety within most merchandise lines. Its control over SG&A expenses is partly due to the outsourcing of its distribution centers to a third party. BB&B has opened hundreds of stores over the last few years, ranging in size from 30,000 to 80,000 square feet. Because it uses a flexible real-estate strategy, BB&B is able to situate in a variety of locations. BB&B is now also being allowed into large shopping centers. In the past, department store anchor tenants blocked BB&B. In 2004, BB&B had about 630 stores with a total of 20.5 million square feet of store space. By the end of 2008, these numbers had expanded to nearly 1,000 stores with 31 million square feet of store space. Its long-term goal is to operate 1,300 stores. In addition, BB&B plans to remodel and expand many existing stores. In 2003, BB&B purchased Christmas Tree Shops (www.christmastreeshops.com), a chain of stores specializing in giftware and household items. Although the Christmas Tree Shops’ name suggests that it concentrates on Christmas merchandise, the chain is positioned against Pier 1 (www.pier1.com). In March 2007, BB&B acquired buybuyBABY (www.buybuybaby.com), a retailer specializing in infant and toddler merchandise. In December 2007, BB&B opened its first foreign BB&B store in Ontario, Canada. In May 2008, BB&B purchased a 50 percent equity interest in Home & More, a Mexican home goods retailer that operated two stores in Mexico City. BB&B management (as well as many retail analysts) attributes the chain’s strong sales performance to its superior customer service. BB&B is obsessive about its consumers receiving a consistently high level of customer service. For example, one recent shopper at a suburban Long Island store reported that a sales clerk was highly attentive: When the shopper asked the clerk where she could find a set of dishes listed on a bridal registry, the clerk immediately dropped what she was doing. The clerk then located the dishes and stood by the shopper as she decided whether to purchase the set and even had the dishes brought to a nearby checkout so that the shopper could continue buying at the store. The sales clerk then met the shopper at the checkout to facilitate the transaction. In 2008, BB&B was tied for second place in an annual study of the top â€Å"20 Most Competitive Retailers†in the United States. The study, conducted by Capgemini (www.capgemini.com) and W Ratings Corporation (www.wratings.com), measured the ability of retailers to beat consumer expectations and deliver superior profitability. Each firm’s rankings were based on its profits over the prior five years and the responses from a sample of 6,000 consumers. Questions 1.Explain how Bed Bath & Beyond practices the retailing concept. 2.Evaluate Bed Bath & Beyond’s growth plans. 3.How can Bed Bath & Beyond further increase the overall quality of its customer service? 4.Explain the concept of value from the perspective of a Bed Bath & Beyond customer.
Trámites para solicitar el asilo polÃÂtico en EE.UU.
Trmites para solicitar el asilo polà tico en EE.UU. Solicitar y obtener el asilo polà tico permite que personas extranjeras puedan quedarse a vivir en Estados Unidos y ganar estatus legal. Con el paso del tiempo puede obtener una tarjeta de residencia permanente –green card– y despuà ©s, si se desea, la ciudadanà a estadounidense. Sin embargo, una nueva polà tica anunciada por el gobierno del presidente Donald Trump y con fecha de entrada en vigor del 16 de julio de 2019 limita grandemente quià ©nes pueden solicitar asilo en la frontera terrestre que separa Estados Unidos y Mà ©xico, como se explica ms abajo. Causas para solicitar el asilo en Estados Unidos Puede solicitar asilo polà tico cualquier persona que teme, con fundamento, que pueda ser perseguida o ya ha sufrido persecucià ³n por razà ³n de: su razanacionalidadreligià ³nopinià ³n polà ticapor pertenecer a un determinado grupo social Si no se cumple con ninguna de estas causas, todavà a hay otras opciones migratorias para las và ctimas de: asalto sexualviolencia que califica para la visa Utrfico humano (visa T)violencia domà ©stica por ley que se conoce como VAWAprograma SIJ para nià ±os y jà ³venes solteros menores de 21 aà ±os que sufren abuso, negligencia o abandono. Dà ³nde y cundo se solicita el asilo Para solicitar el asilo es requisito imprescindible que el solicitante se encuentre presencia en Estados Unidos o en una de sus fronteras. Sin embargo, a partir del 16 de julio de 2019 todos los migrantes que se presentan en la frontera terrestre de Estados Unidos con Mà ©xico y solicitan asilo sern rechazados, excepto en dos excepciones. En primer lugar, se aceptar la peticià ³n de asilo de aquellos migrantes que puedan demostrar que pidieron asilo en al menos un tercer paà s por el que hayan pasado previamente y dicha solicitud fue rechazada. Y, en segundo lugar, se aceptar para su tramitacià ³n –que no quiere decir aprobacià ³n– la solicitud de migrantes que pueden probar que han sido và ctimas de una forma severa de trfico humano. Esta nueva polà tica afecta los migrantes de todas las nacionalidades que se presentan en la frontera terrestre sur de EE.UU y solicitan asilo, excepto mexicanos y canadienses, que son vecinos geogrficamente y, por lo tanto, no estar obligados a pedir asilo previamente en un tercer paà s. Sin embargo, sà que afecta a los mexicanos que se presentan en una frontera marà tima. Por ejemplo, un salvadoreà ±o que sale de su paà s por và a terrestre con el fin de llegar a EE.UU. est obligado a pedir asilo en Guatemala o Mà ©xico antes que en EE.UU. ya que en la frontera estadounidense solo se aceptar su solicitud si: se cumplen los requisitos para el asilopuede demostrar que aplicà ³ en al menos un paà s por el que transità ³ y su aplicacià ³n no ha sido aceptada. Si eso no es asà , el oficial de migracià ³n de EE.UU. no aceptar una aplicacià ³n de asilo en la frontera estadounidense. Adems, las personas que ya se encuentran en EE.UU. podrn solicitar asilo antes de que pase un aà ±o a contar desde el dà a de la à ºltima entrada al paà s. Sin embargo, existen excepciones a esta à ºltima regla. Por ejemplo, si una persona ha entrado hace ms de 365 dà as y en su paà s de origen se produce un cambio de rà ©gimen que lo pone en peligro si regresa, puede entonces solicitar el asilo. Son lo que se llama circunstancias excepcionales o cambiantes. Obligacià ³n de esperar en Mà ©xico Una de las novedades en materia migratoria impuestas por el gobierno del presidente Donald Trump es el Programa de Protocolo de Proteccià ³n al Migrante, conocido por sus iniciales MPP o por Permanecer en Mà ©xico. Segà ºn este programa que comenzà ³ a implementarse en enero de 2019 en el Puerto de Entrada de San Ysidro y se ha extendido a otros puntos de a frontera sur, los solicitantes de asilo en la frontera que no pasan la entrevista de miedo creà ble efectuada en persona, por telà ©fono o videoconferencia con un oficial de USCIS, son puestos en un procedimiento de remocià ³n y deben esperar en Mà ©xico mientras esperan su caso. Estas personas reciben una carta en la que se le notifica quà © dà a deben presentarse en la entrada del paso migratorio a EE.UU. para ser escoltados por oficiales de ICE a corte migratoria, para decidir sobre master calendar de su procedimiento. Ante esa Corte es donde deben luchar para ganar su caso de asilo. Tipos de solicitud de asilo Hay dos posibles caminos para pedir asilo: el afirmativo, que decide el Servicio de Inmigracià ³n y Ciudadanà a, (USCIS, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) y el defensivo, que se tiene lugar en corte judicial. Proceso afirmativo de asilo ante USCIS Como regla general, debe esperarse un proceso largo en el que deben llenarse formularios y presentar un buen argumento de las razones para que el asilo sea aprobado. El formulario I-589 es el que se utiliza para solicitar el asilo. Una vez que se pone en marcha el proceso se recibir una carta del USCIS notificando la apertura del caso y su identificacià ³n con un nombre. El solicitante de asilo recibir ms tarde una carta para presentarse en un Centro de Apoyo a Aplicaciones para sacar las huellas digitales y otros datos biomà ©tricos. Si la persona que solicita el asilo incluye en su peticià ³n a su cà ³nyuge y/o hijos solteros menores de 21 aà ±os y estos estn en USA, debern tambià ©n presentarse para esa cita. Posteriormente, el solicitante de asilo recibir una carta en la que se fija el dà a y el lugar para una entrevista con un oficial del USCIS. Es muy conveniente ir acompaà ±ado de un abogado y preparar la entrevista de tal manera que todo lo que se conteste guarde consistencia con lo que se afirmà ³ en la carta de solicitud de asilo. Adems, si estn en USA el cà ³nyuge y/o hijos para los que se pide un asilo derivado, tambià ©n deben presentarse. Por à ºltimo, llevar testigos, si los hay y pueden ayudar al caso y toda la documentacià ³n que apoye el caso y sirva para identificarse, original y una copia traducida al inglà ©s. A continuacià ³n, el oficial que realiza la entrevista llega a una decisià ³n, que debe ser supervisada por su superior. En algunos casos habr internamente dentro del USCIS otra revisià ³n, pero son casos excepcionales. Finalmente, USCIS comunica la decisià ³n, bien en persona al solicitante que debe presentarse de nuevo en una oficina del USCIS o bien por carta. Si el asilo es aprobado, se puede trabajar y permanecer en Estados Unidos, solicitar un Nà ºmero del Seguro Social, sacar la licencia de manejar, y se podrà a tener derecho a ciertos beneficios sociales como Medicaid, SNAP o TANF. Sin embargo, la peticià ³n puede ser denegada por cualquiera de las siguientes causas: no se reà ºnen las condiciones para ser considerado asilado por no probar miedo creà ble.porque se ha cometido cierto tipo de delitos graves o se es considerado un peligro a la seguridad nacional, como por ejemplo formar parte de pandillas.porque se estaba asentado de manera firme en un tercer paà s antes de venir a los Estados Unidospor no cumplirse con los requisitos de plazos (1 aà ±o desde la à ºltima llegada al paà s para solicitar) o porque previamente ya una corte lo habà a denegado y no hay cambios excepcionales. Si la solicitud de asilo es negada y el solicitante carece de estatus migratorio legal el USCIS lo envà a ante el sistema de Cortes de Inmigracià ³n donde se abre un proceso de deportacià ³n (removal proceedings) y se analizar de nuevo si tiene derecho al asilo, en lo que se conoce como procedimiento defensivo. Proceso defensivo los requisitos para asilo ante corte En el proceso defensivo de la solicitud de asilo el solicitante tiene abierto en su contra un procedimiento de deportacià ³n o de expulsià ³n inmediata (removal proceedings). Esto sucede en varios casos. Por ejemplo: cuando el USCIS deniega una peticià ³n de asilo (tipo afirmativo) a una persona que no tiene estatus legal.cuando una persona indocumentada es detenida o es agarrada intentando ingresar ilegalmente la frontera y en ese momento solicita asilo.cuando una persona realiza una solicitud de asilo al llegar a un puerto de ingreso a EE.UU. y, despuà ©s de una entrevista con un oficial de USCIS, este determina que no ha pasado satisfactoriamente la entrevista de miedo creà ble. El juez puede conceder la peticià ³n de asilo o denegarla. En este à ºltimo caso, la decisià ³n se puede apelar. Si la solicitud se considera que fue frà vola, la persona que la presentà ³ no podr regresar a EE.UU. siguiendo un conducto legal. Si se agota la apelacià ³n sin que el asilo se conceda, el extranjero debe abandonar Estados Unidos, a menos que pueda conseguir algà ºn tipo de proteccià ³n, como un withholding of removal o una proteccià ³n bajo el acuerdo contra la tortura (CAT, por sus siglas en inglà ©s). Asilo para los familiares inmediatos El esposo o la mujer y los hijos solteros menores de 21 aà ±os de una persona a la que se le aprueba la peticià ³n de asilo pueden tambià ©n beneficiarse de ese mismo estatus, tanto si ya estn en ese momento en Estados Unidos como si estn en otro paà s. En ambos casos lo que tiene que hacer la persona que gana el asilo es llenar una aplicacià ³n I-730 (following-to-join) por cada uno de los miembros de su familia que reà ºnen esas condiciones. Tiene dos aà ±os para hacerlo y el plazo comienza a contar desde el dà a en que se le aprobà ³ la solicitud. Adems, la relacià ³n ya tiene que existir en el momento en que se aprueba la solicitud de asilo. Por ejemplo, en el caso de matrimonio, tiene que ser anterior. Cabe destacar que segà ºn las leyes federales de los Estados Unidos pueden obtener beneficios migratorios por razà ³n de matrimonio tanto los matrimonios entre un hombre y una mujer como los de gays y lesbianas. Cà ³mo conseguir un permiso de trabajo Por lo general, mientras se tramita la solicitud de asilo en Estados Unidos no se tiene permiso de trabajo. Sin embargo, puede solicitarse si han pasado ms de 150 dà as desde que se realizà ³ la solicitud y no ha habido una resolucià ³n del caso. Pero lo fundamental es entender cà ³mo se computan esos dà as. En la prctica el permiso de trabajo puede tardar mucho ms. Si el USCIS concede la solicitud, tramitar directamente la autorizacià ³n (EAD, por sus siglas en inglà ©s). Si el asilo lo concede un juez de inmigracià ³n o una corte de apelaciones entonces se podr solicitar el EAD al USCIS. Si se tienen dudas de cà ³mo hacerlo, se puede solicitar una cita con el servicio de inmigracià ³n a travà ©s de Info Pass. En todo caso en el momento en el que a una persona se le concede el estatus de asilado esa persona adquiere el derecho a trabajar legalmente en Estados Unidos. Es decir, el EAD no es necesario, pero puede pedirse para utilizarlo como un I.D. Beneficios sociales Mientras se tramita el asilo algunos estados consideran a los solicitantes como PRUCOL. En estos casos tienen derechos a algunos beneficios sociales si reà ºnen los requisitos. Cà ³mo obtener la green card Las personas a las que se le ha reconocido el estatus de asilados pueden solicitar un ajuste de estatus y la correspondiente tarjeta de residencia, conocida como green card. Para ello deben cumplir con una serie de requisitos como haber residido fà sicamente en Estados Unidos por al menos un aà ±o, seguir sufriendo la condicià ³n que lo ha convertido en asilado y cumplir con los requisitos necesarios para convertirse en emigrante legal en Estados Unidos. A los cuatro aà ±os de la fecha de obtencià ³n de la tarjeta de residencia pueden solicitar la ciudadanà a estadounidense por naturalizacià ³n. Viajar al extranjero mientras se es asilado Se recomienda solicitar unos 60 dà as antes de viajar un documento para viajar rellenando el formulario I-131, que es vlido por un aà ±o. Se puede salir de Estados Unidos sin esperar por la entrega del documento. Se puede solicitar que envà e a una oficina consular y recogerlo allà . En cuanto a viajar al paà s de origen, es algo que se puede hacer, pero con prudencia, ya que Estados Unidos puede considerar que hubo un fraude en la solicitud de asilo o que las circunstancias que motivaron su peticià ³n ya no existen y, por lo tanto, ya no cumple las condiciones para ser considerado un asilado. Estadà sticas latinoamericanos y asilo en EE.UU. No hay cifras oficiales del nà ºmero total de casos de asilo aprobados. Sin embargo, sà hay datos parciales que se obtienen a partir de las decisiones dictadas por cortes de inmigracià ³n. Estn excluidos de dichos datos las resoluciones sobre asilo acordadas por oficiales de USCIS. Segà ºn Syracuse University, en el aà ±o fiscal 2018, las cortes migratorias de EE.UU. decidieron un total de 42.228 casos de asilo, de los cuales negaron la solicitud un 65 por ciento de las veces. En otras palabras, las cortes solo aprobaron el 35 por ciento de los casos. En cuanto a los solicitante de origen latinoamericano, las cortes decidieron sobre un total de 8.232 casos en los que los solicitantes procedà an de El Salvador, aprobando el 23,5 por ciento de los mismos, es decir, 1.935 salvadoreà ±os obtuvieron el asilo en corte. Se resolvieron 6.240 casos afectando a hondureà ±os, aprobndose el 21,2 por ciento de los mismos, es decir, 1.323. Se decidieron 6.052 casos de guatemaltecos, aprobndose el 18,8 por ciento de los mismos, lo cual supone 1.138 casos ganados. Y se resolvieron 5.379 casos de mexicanos, aprobndose el 14,5 por ciento, es decir 780. Cabe destacar que en algunos casos en los que se negà ³ el asilo, se autorizà ³ a permanecer en Estados Unidos aplicando alguna forma de alivio a la deportacià ³n, especialmente en el caso de ciudadanos de El Salvador, Guatemala y Honduras. Asimismo, resaltar que aunque no se cuenta con datos oficiales, se estima que USCIS aprueba un nà ºmero destacable de solicitudes de asilo presentadas por menores procedentes de esos tres paà ses de Centroamà ©rica. Los datos de aprobacià ³n y negacià ³n de solicitudes de asilo por pueden consultarse por nacionalidad del solicitante y corte en una herramienta creada por la Universidad de Syracuse. Asilo polà tico en EE.UU. Para solicitar y obtener el asilo polà tico en EE.UU. es necesario persecucià ³n pasada o miedo creà ble de ser perseguido si se regresa al paà s de origen por razà ³n de raza, nacionalidad, religià ³n, opinià ³n polà tica o membresà a en un determinado grupo.El asilo polà tico debe solicitarse en la frontera de EE.UU. o, en determinadas circunstancias especiales, estando ya presente en el interior del paà s. Una nueva polà tica del presidente Trump obliga a los migrantes que llegan a la frontera terrestre de Mà ©xico con EE.UU. a demostrar que han solicitado asilo en al menos un tercer paà s antes de aceptar su solicitud de asilo. Las à ºnicas nacionalidades excluidas son los mexicanos y los canadienses, por razones geogrficas.El asilo polà tico puede ser afirmativo, ante el Servicio de Inmigracià ³n y Ciudadanà a, o defensivo, ante Corte migratoria.En caso de obtener el asilo, los familiares inmediatos podrn tambià ©n beneficiase.La obtencià ³n del as ilo es un trampolà n hacia la tarjeta de residencia y, si se desea, hacia la ciudadanà a estadounidense por naturalizacià ³n. Este artà culo es solo informativo. No es asesorà a legal.
Sunday, October 20, 2019
Philosophy of Food - An Authentic Approach to Eating
Philosophy of Food - An Authentic Approach to Eating A good philosophical question can arise from anywhere. Did you ever think, for example, that sitting down to dinner or strolling through the supermarket might serve as a good introduction to philosophical thinking? That is the foremost philosopher of food’s credo. What’s Philosophical About Food? Philosophy of food finds its basis on the idea that food is a mirror. You may have heard the saying ‘we are what we eat.’ Well, there is more to say regarding this relation. Eating mirrors the making of a self, that is, the array of decisions and circumstances that bring us to eat the way we do. In them, we can see reflected a detailed and comprehensive image of ourselves. Philosophy of food reflects on the ethical, political, social, artistic, identity-defining aspects of food. It spurs from the challenge to more actively pondering our diets and eating habits so as to understand who we are in a deeper, more authentic way. Food as a Relation Food is a relation. Something is food only with respect to some organism, in a set of circumstances. These, first of all, are bound to vary from moment to moment. For instance, coffee and pastry are a fine breakfast or afternoon snack; yet, to most of us they are unpalatable for dinner. Secondly, circumstances are bound to involve principles that are, at least in appearance, contradictory. Say, you refrain from eating soda at home, but at the bowling alley, you enjoy one. At the supermarket, you buy only non-organic meat, but on vacation, you crave for a McBurger with fries. As such, any given ‘food relation is first and foremost the mirror of an eater: depending on the circumstances, it represents the eater’s needs, habits, convictions, deliberations, and compromises. Food Ethics Probably the most obvious philosophical aspects of our diet are the ethical convictions that shape it. Would you eat a cat? A rabbit? Why or why not? It’s likely that the reasons you give for your stance are rooted in ethical principles, such as: â€Å"I love too much cats to eat them!†or even â€Å"How could you do such a thing!†Or, consider vegetarianism: a large number of those who conform to this diet do so to prevent unjustified violence being done to animals other than human. In Animal Liberation, Peter Singer labeled â€Å"speciesism†the attitude of those who draw unjustified distinctions between Homo sapiens and other animal species (like racism sets an unjustified distinction between one race and all others). Clearly, some of those rules are mingled with religious principles: justice and heaven can come together on the table at, as they do on other occasions. Food as Art? Can food be art? Can a cook ever aspire to be an artist on a par with Michelangelo, Leonardo, and Van Gogh? This question has spurred heated debates over the past years. Some argued that food is (at best) a minor art. For three main reasons. First, because foods are short-lived in comparison to, e.g., chunks of marble. Second, food is intrinsically linked to a practical purpose – nourishment. Third, food depends on its material constitution in a way in which music, painting, or even sculpture are not. A song such as â€Å"Yesterday†has been released on vinyl, cassette, CD, and as a mp3; food cannot be alike transferred. The best cooks would hence be very good artisans; they can be paired with fancy hairdressers or skilled gardeners. On the other hand, some think that this perspective is unfair. Cooks have recently started featuring in art shows and this seems to concretely disprove the previous remarks. Probably the most famous case in point is Ferran Adri, the Catalan chef who revolutionized the world of cooking over the past three decades. Food Experts Americans keep in high esteem the role of food experts; French and Italians notoriously do not. Probably, it’s because of different ways to regard the practice of evaluation of a food. Is that French onion soup authentic? The review says the wine is elegant: is that the case? Food or wine tasting is arguably an entertaining activity, and it’s a conversation starter. Yet, is there a truth when it comes to judgments about food? This is one of the hardest philosophical questions. In his famous essay â€Å"Of the Standard of Taste†, David Hume shows how one can be inclined to answer both â€Å"Yes†and â€Å"No†to that question. On the one hand, my tasting experience is not yours, so it is totally subjective; on the other, provided an adequate level of expertise, there is nothing odd with imagining to challenge a reviewer’s opinion about a wine or a restaurant. Food Science Most foods we buy at the supermarket carry on their labels â€Å"nutritional facts†. We use them in order to guide ourselves in our diet, to stay healthy. But, what do those numbers have to do really with the stuff we have in front of us and with our stomachs? What â€Å"facts†do they help us establishing really? Can nutritionism be regarded as a natural science on a par with – say – cell biology? For historians and philosophers of science, food is a fertile terrain of research because it raises basic questions regarding the validity of laws of nature (do we really know any law regarding metabolism?) and the structure of scientific research (who finances the studies on the nutritional facts you find on the labels?) Food Politics Food is also at the center of a number of funding questions for political philosophy. Here are some. One. The challenges that food consumption poses to the environment. For example, did you know that factory farming is responsible for a higher rate of pollution than airfare travel? Two. Food trades raise issues of fairness and equity in the global market. Exotic goods such as coffee, tea, and chocolate are chief examples: through the history of their commerce, we can reconstruct the complex relationships between continents, States, and people over the past three-four centuries. Three. Food production, distribution, and retail is an opportunity to talk about the condition of workers across the earth. Food and Self-Understanding In the end, as the average person enters at least a few ‘food relations’ per day, a refusal to ponder eating habits in a meaningful manner can be likened to a lack of self-understanding or lack authenticity. Since self-understanding and authenticity are among the chief aims of philosophical inquiry, then food becomes a true key to philosophical insight. The gist of the philosophy of food is hence the quest for an authentic diet, a quest that can be readily furthered by analyzing other aspects of ‘food relations’.
Saturday, October 19, 2019
Managing Transitions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words
Managing Transitions - Essay Example Therefore, if change is inevitable, the question the author brings up is how to manage the transition so that the change occurs smoothly. The change, according to the author, is an event, an inescapable event. Company CEO's eventually age and retire. Or an entire industry, such as the automotive industry in the US, is adversely affected by costs spiraling out of control over a long period of time, which results in a financial crisis for the entire industry. No longer is business a usual possible. The question addressed by the author is this - when these events confront the business, what is the process of change which will allow the business or organization to transition smoothly through the change, and become stronger as a result. The marketplace is littered with examples of companies which did not succeed in answering this question. They did not succeed, according to the author, because the change process is a cultural, and psychological - social process, and not simply an event. For example, when a new CEO takes the reigns of a company, he of she does so with new ideas, and the desire to expand the business to new markets and new customers. By definition, this means that the company must change; they must transition out of an existing psycho-social culture and take on a new one which is representative of the new leader. This is a process that often takes years. The company that understands this, and manages the transition well, remaining productive with existing business while creating new opportunities is the company which succeeds. The company which allows the transition to consume valuable resources which are needed to 'feed' the existing business often winds up 'starving' its current clients, or pushing its people past the point of effectively. The results are declining productivity, profits, and can result in the total implosion of a business. The author uses the three step model for managing change which has been identified since 1935. First called the "unfreeze, change, refreeze' model by Kurt Lewin. Lewin used the example of changing the shape of an ice cube as an illustration of changing the social culture of an organization. Simply chipping away at the ice cube does not change its shape; it reduces the ice cube to shavings. Energy must be put into the social system, held in a 'frozen' state by the existing market, cultural and social forces in order to bring the system to a pliable state where transition is possible. Next the entire process of transition must be managed. The process often requires new control systems, new training or existing staff as well as new staff. Managing the process often can require bringing in an outside consultant, a new player who is put in a position of non-biased authority to assist all stakeholders to make adjustments to a changing social order. When the process of change has transacted, and the new culture is emerging, a final surge of energy is required by the system in order to 'refreeze the system in its new state, and prevent old habits and old culture from reemerging in the newly transitioned organization. William Bridges described this three step process as follows. He calls the unfreeze process as the 'ending, loosing, or letting go' phase. One could call this a death phase, as old habits and methods must be terminated, and left behind. However, this death is the
Friday, October 18, 2019
Writing a journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1
Writing a journal - Essay Example Taking a nap has also re-charged me. I find that if I precede my study hours with activities that result in high energy for me, I am able to study well later. The distractions for me come mainly from getting off-topic to whatever is being discussed in class. These include mood swings and an inability to concentrate that is resulting in me getting distracted. I procrastinate whenever I have to submit an assignment and this is because of partying and spending time away from my room. I plan to reduce the time that I spend with friends and instead devote this time to studying and preparing for class. The mistake that I did when I prepared my schedule was to lay too much emphasis on self-study in the sense that I allotted too many hours for this. And, when I tried to live with this schedule, I realized that I â€Å"planned to work†but did not â€Å"work to the plan†with the result that during the time I was supposed to work, I was distracted by activities like cleaning my room and taking a nap. In the next draft of my schedule, I plan to ensure that I take more part in group activities that revolve around study and assignments rather than talking gossip. Further, I intend to cut down on the time spent talking to my
Essay to Howard University Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
Essay to Howard University - Personal Statement Example In my opinion, medical laboratory science provides this opportunity to strike the best balance thus validating my eagerness to be a medical laboratory practitioner. I have served as a laboratory assistant where setting up the experiments is a core duty. The skills obtained have led to a vast knowledge in microscopic practices and experiments. Out of school, I engage in activities like drawing and hospital-based voluntary services. These activities motivate my interests and allow me to think in a broader perspective. They also expand my thoughts needed in a medical field leading for diversity in ideas. The community service helps me to interact with people thus improving my communication skills, which assists in modeling a trustworthy and reliable person. Both my school and out of school activities have had a gradual impact in the improvement of time management skills, which I believe is a fundamental requirement for medical laboratory science study. The personal desire to interact with other people to understand their ideas and experiences has originality from medical setup. My exposure to medical laboratory environment gives a fascinating advantage for career enhancement. Having spent some good time in a medical setting, I have had a chance to interact with various professionals in the medical laboratory. I am also an independent individual with precise, observant and good problem-solving skills, which serve as a booster for a successful career in the rapidly growing medical laboratory field of profession. I am informed of the excellent Howard University reputation through research and personal conversation with some of the alumni. This has concisely served in deepening my interest in the choice of your prestigious University for my career advancement. In addition to excellent university setup, the presence of the medical laboratory tools in Howard University will equip me with the best experimental practice to
The Hmong People Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words
The Hmong People - Term Paper Example The researcher of this term paper describes the Secret Wars in Laos, that attracted the Royal Laotian government and the Pathelt Lao, who was keen in repulsing the presence of the Northern Vietnamese Army and had taken control of the Lao land. Whereas this war was regarded as secret, the American government deployed many of its troops and in the end, the war claimed many casualties. The Secret Wars in Laos had a number of significant effects. It is stated that the end of the war resulted in a large number of deaths as well as displacement of the Hmong people into other foreign lands, such as the US, because of their persecution. It is believed that more than 200, 000 Hmong communities were resettled in the United States as the fighting and persecution of non-communist continued to be perpetrated by the Communist regime in Lao. The researcher also discussed the subject of interactions between the Hmong and western medicine, that have led to several challenges and outcomes, such as con flicts between Hmong traditions and western medical practices. These conflicts were characterized by differing opinions on treatment options, such as the removal of organs or the use of anesthesia during surgical operations. To overcome this hurdle, healthcare institutions employed interpreters who understood the Hmong language and English as well. The interpreters often found themselves to take conflicting role, where they had to convince patients against tradition treatment options such as wearing of amulets.
Thursday, October 17, 2019
Publishing with contnet management systems Essay
Publishing with contnet management systems - Essay Example PowerPoint is a content management system and is employed for many tasks. It facilitates the users with publishing features. There are also rhetorical challenges that it offers to writers. Publishing with PowerPoint as a content management system facilitate the user with alterations in production and use of a document. The content management tasks performed by PowerPoint are content cutting, strong boundary-slides cutting, logical flow and many others related to STOP (Sequential Thematic Organization of Publications) document, Quick Scan, and Hypertext. The writers employ the technique of content cutting when they require fitting their text in a slide of PowerPoint. Content cutting can be seen as a rhetorical challenge to writers because they have to make sure that the content that is published is the most appropriate. Development of slides restricts the writers to use a minimized space for the display of their information. Writers and users of PowerPoint are also accommodated with strong boundary-slides cutting, which means that they are allowed to develop the slides according to their needs and requirements but they must display the information in an understandable manner that is easy for the readers to go through. Through logical flow, the writers are required to develop and publish slides in a manner that is logical. One idea or set of information displayed on one slide should have relevancy and flow with the next slides. The writers of slides face a challenge to manage the data and information in a logical flow. With STOP method of documentation of slides, the writers writing slides on PowerPoint can display more information in a single preview as two pages are attached and separated by means of a line. Nearly 350 to 1000 words can be displayed by means of STOP. The writers are challenged as to what kind of information and to which extent can they publish by means of STOP. Hypertext is a medium that allows the users and writers to publish their
What Is A Shaman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words
What Is A Shaman - Essay Example According to the research "What Is A Shaman" findings shaman also foretells the future events and controls the spiritual forces because they have the power to predict the unknown and command the spirits to do as they wish. Shamans have visions and dreams that equip them with information and contexts of the supernatural worlds (Kallen 13). The shaman deals with only mysterious and dangerous events such as illnesses, malevolence, impotent, and death. Spirits impose shamanic power into people through intensive initiations and ordeals. Regardless of the difficulty process through which they acquire them, shamans may be exposed to lose their powers in battles with spirit foes or if they fail to perform the rituals appropriately (Wilson 22). Shamans differ with the practices of priests since their powers are personal and intermediate. The supernatural world is believed to be linked to occurrences in the natural world. Shamans allow their souls to venture into spirit worlds in order to find the causes of undesirable events. They launch immediate intercessions, fighting, or requests to the spirits to cure the affairs of human beings. In contrast, priests are concerned with the conduct of several events that enables them to bring the congregation into sacred forces (McNamara 19). Priests do not encounter supernatural worlds and their expectations are not immediate. It is critical to understand the contrast between shamans and priests as it enables people to distinguish their faiths from those they do not believe in and devote themselves to thorough the understanding of their option.
Wednesday, October 16, 2019
The Hmong People Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words
The Hmong People - Term Paper Example The researcher of this term paper describes the Secret Wars in Laos, that attracted the Royal Laotian government and the Pathelt Lao, who was keen in repulsing the presence of the Northern Vietnamese Army and had taken control of the Lao land. Whereas this war was regarded as secret, the American government deployed many of its troops and in the end, the war claimed many casualties. The Secret Wars in Laos had a number of significant effects. It is stated that the end of the war resulted in a large number of deaths as well as displacement of the Hmong people into other foreign lands, such as the US, because of their persecution. It is believed that more than 200, 000 Hmong communities were resettled in the United States as the fighting and persecution of non-communist continued to be perpetrated by the Communist regime in Lao. The researcher also discussed the subject of interactions between the Hmong and western medicine, that have led to several challenges and outcomes, such as con flicts between Hmong traditions and western medical practices. These conflicts were characterized by differing opinions on treatment options, such as the removal of organs or the use of anesthesia during surgical operations. To overcome this hurdle, healthcare institutions employed interpreters who understood the Hmong language and English as well. The interpreters often found themselves to take conflicting role, where they had to convince patients against tradition treatment options such as wearing of amulets.
Tuesday, October 15, 2019
What Is A Shaman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words
What Is A Shaman - Essay Example According to the research "What Is A Shaman" findings shaman also foretells the future events and controls the spiritual forces because they have the power to predict the unknown and command the spirits to do as they wish. Shamans have visions and dreams that equip them with information and contexts of the supernatural worlds (Kallen 13). The shaman deals with only mysterious and dangerous events such as illnesses, malevolence, impotent, and death. Spirits impose shamanic power into people through intensive initiations and ordeals. Regardless of the difficulty process through which they acquire them, shamans may be exposed to lose their powers in battles with spirit foes or if they fail to perform the rituals appropriately (Wilson 22). Shamans differ with the practices of priests since their powers are personal and intermediate. The supernatural world is believed to be linked to occurrences in the natural world. Shamans allow their souls to venture into spirit worlds in order to find the causes of undesirable events. They launch immediate intercessions, fighting, or requests to the spirits to cure the affairs of human beings. In contrast, priests are concerned with the conduct of several events that enables them to bring the congregation into sacred forces (McNamara 19). Priests do not encounter supernatural worlds and their expectations are not immediate. It is critical to understand the contrast between shamans and priests as it enables people to distinguish their faiths from those they do not believe in and devote themselves to thorough the understanding of their option.
The Homestead Act Essay Example for Free
The Homestead Act Essay To my understanding, and from what I have read in the book and throughout the course links, I believe that the intent of the Homestead Act was to defeat land monopoly. Many farmers, however, lacked the economic means to move west and manage a farm. . By this, fewer still understood the new type of agriculture, in which technology was used to farm the land that the Great Plains required. Instead, speculators and corporate interests were able to reap in profits, and fraud and corruption, and often marked the process farmland for transportation (the railroads). The Homestead Acts biggest weakness however, was not taking into account conditions on the frontier. I also think that the eastern framers did not consider that some of their land was too large for irrigated farming and too small for dry farming. The role of the private capital in the American West was towards the rich. The poor individuals did not have any control of most of the land even if they were the first occupants. The rich people were also in control of the railroad system, in which the well to do folks had the only say so. Farmers finally received a break, with the railroads. Under the Pacific Railroad Act, land grants made possible the speedy construction of the Union Pacific, Central Pacific, Northern Pacific, Santa Fe, and Southern Pacific railroads. They were Lead by railroad promoters to believe in a bountiful West harvest, in which mass amounts of European immigrants were caught up in the movement West. I think that the railroads provided exactly what the Homestead Acts did not: credit terms, good quality advertisement, larger land tracts, special passenger rates, and farming support for future Western settlers. There were a lot of motivated businessmen of the Great Northern Railway, who planned and directed the settlement of thousands of settlers along different lines. One thing that I believed that helped the settlers was the fact that lands sold by the railroads also hastened settlement because they provided the cheapest and most convenient way of getting farmers produce to the markets. By this, I believe that the United States government played a major role in developing the railroad system and then came in to assist the public when the private companies were mistreating the general public for a profit. According to the Links in unit 10, and according to what I have read in the book, it seems as if the railroad system was a project that was difficult to accomplish. From the beginning, and as seen within the union pacific site, the workers that worked on the railroads were not well treated at all. Many of them were treated like animals with no self-worthiness. These workers were hardly paid money and the small amount of money they received was not enough for them to take care of their families. From time to time, some workers organized rallies and strikes to make sure that their voices were heard. The transformative power of the railroads in the American West, in my view, can relate to the tern talismanic wands. At that time, the settlers did not have any mode of transportation other than their animals, and the railroad system seemed to be the magical instrument. I think the railroad did work miracles for the people at that time because it gave them a chance to travel and market their goods elsewhere.
Monday, October 14, 2019
European Convention on Human Rights
European Convention on Human Rights The European Convention on Human Rights and the supreme court in matters relating to its jurisdiction, the European Court of Human Rights, are no longer a matter of external control, following their incorporation into domestic law via the Human Rights Act 1998. The European Convention on Human Rights provides that the judgement of ECHR shall be final and that parties to it will abide by the Court’s decisions. The institution resides in Strasbourg and is responsible for all matters relating to the interpretation and application of the Convention. In relation to the ‘necessary in a democratic society’ provision, five of the Convention’s Articles specify the phrase in their text, although it is assumed that the Convention as a whole upholds its importance. This essay examines the European Court of Human Rights (hereinafter ECHR) and its interpretation, and relative importance, of the phrase, ‘necessary in a democratic society’ in r elation to the Convention. Due to limitations in word count, the contents of this essay are not exhaustive. The inception of communications has seemingly created an increase in challenges relating to Article 8 of the Convention. In Malone v UK, the ECHR found a breach of Article 8 of the Convention, relating to the right of privacy. More specifically, it was found that telephone tapping by the police and authorised by the UK Government and condoned by the High Court was in breach of right to privacy, contained in Article 8 of the Convention. This Article provides: There shall be no interference by a public authority with the exercise of this right except such as is accordance with the law and is necessary in a democratic society in the interests of national security. It was held by the ECHR that tapping was against the Convention because it was not in accordance with law but governed by an unregulated decision. The reason why it could not be necessary in a democratic society was that there were no constitutional safeguards against misuse of the power. The Court concluded that the law was unclear and stated that, ‘the minimum degree of legal protection to which citizens are entitled under the rule of law in a democratic society is lacking.’ This case thus initiated new Government legislation to control telephone tapping by the police. The legislation comes in way of the Interception of Communications Act 1985 which limits telephone tapping to cases where the Home Secretary has issued a warrant and, to safeguard against arbitrary use, the warrant can only be issued in three distinct circumstances, one being serious crime. Furthermore, a tribunal and Commissioner will review how the Home Secretary has exercised his power s on an annual basis. The main findings of this case were reiterated in Kruslin v France and Huvig v France, where it was decided that there were insufficient safeguards in the law and that, accordingly, the Convention was violated. A very different approach was reached by the court in Klass v Federal Republic of Germany. In that case, German legislation was challenged for authorising the inception of mail and telecommunications. It was held that, whilst the right to privacy was infringed, the inceptions were justified due to the ‘necessary in a democratic society’ provision, contained in paragraph 2. It was said that surveillance of citizens was legitimate to the extent that it was ‘safeguarding the democratic institutions’ of the State. As there were no adequate guarantees against abuse, Article 8 was not violated. It can be observed from these cases that their relationship to Article 8 of the Convention is markedly similar, yet, they have been decided differently. The cases symbolise the importance of the phrase relating to the necessity of a democratic society but show how, according to its own discretion, the court can manipulate the case one of two ways: ei ther by stating the importance of a democratic society in safeguarding the State and thus authorising the surveillance of citizens, or; offering protection to the same citizens because this is what is needed in a democratic society. It seems that the cases were decided upon according to the likelihood of relative threat, as the Convention states, ‘in the interest of national security, public safety or the economic well being of the country, for the prevention of disorder or crime, for the protection of health or morals, or for the protection of the rights and freedoms of others.’ Article 10 of the Convention provides for the right to freedom of expression. These freedoms are subject to ‘formalities, conditions, restrictions and penalties, as are prescribed by law and necessary in a democratic society.’ At this point, it is perhaps worthwhile to note that the ECHR applies what is known as the margin of appreciation, so that Member States have a measure of national discretion in the way they give effect to general standards set out in the Convention. An example is the ECHR’s decision in favour of the United Kingdom’s decision to ban the film, Visions of Ecstasy, under its blasphemy law, in spite of the Director’s claim that it violated his right to freedom of speech. The Court ruled by seven votes to two that the refusal of the Director’s claim was justified under Article 10(2) as being necessary in a democratic society. The Board of Film Classification believed that the film would infringe the criminal l aw of blasphemy. It was stated however that although the law of blasphemy did not treat all religions equally, it did not detract from the legitimacy of the Director’s aim, and it was consistent with the aims of Article 9 of the Convention. The Court ruled that while the law of blasphemy was invoked rarely, there was not sufficient consensus with Member States to conclude that the blasphemy legislation was ‘unnecessary in a democratic society and incompatible with the Convention.’ The restriction was justified on the basis of excessive interference to Christians, which could amount to blasphemy. The United Kingdom’s record in relation to cases taken against it in the ECHR is not promising. In 2000, the United Kingdom came second to Turkey in this vein. These decisions are extremely important because they are now binding precedents in the law of the United Kingdom. Although the case of Wingrove may have pleased the United Kingdom with the imposition of the margin of appreciation, there have been a number of controversial cases in which the decisions have gone against it. One example was the decision that the rights of suspected IRA terrorists had been violated by their summary execution in Gibralter. It follows that the ‘necessary in a democratic society’ provision, is capable of being argued either way.
Sunday, October 13, 2019
Kay Sage From Another Approach :: Essays Papers
Kay Sage From Another Approach My room has two doors and one window. One door is red and the other is gray. I cannot open the red door; the grey door does not interest me. Having no choice, I shall lock them both and look out of the window. -Kay Sage The work of Kay Sage (1898-1963) is known to be some of the most abstract art produced during the Surrealism movement. (Chadwick, 1997) Although it does not appear at first glance to be anywhere near as abstract as other Modernist artists such as Sonia Delaunay or Liubov Popova, (Chadwick, 1997. Pg 263 & 267) it has a kind of dreamlike quality about it that transports the viewer to another world. Kay Sage’s From Another Approach (1944) is one of her early works from when she was starting to experiment in Surrealism. Unfortunately, my search did not turn up any criticisms on that particular piece, so I will use criticisms from other similar pieces from the same time period as From Another Approach, 1940 1954.(Suther, 1997. Pg 89-159) Modernist paintings are many times described as being universal because ‘they’re just a bunch of pretty shapes and colors and everyone likes pretty shapes and colors.’ What most people don’t realize is that Modernist art conveys a sense of otherworldly reality through the ‘pretty shapes and colors.’ At first glance, From Another Approach seems to fit in with the Modernism stereotype. Its simple geometric figures grouped almost stylishly on the right hand side (of the viewer) and clever variation of the olive tone give it the perfect ‘living room picture.’ That is, it could be hung on a living room wall not as art, but as a decoration to enhance the living area. This type of association diminishes what the artist was trying to convey. The following is an excerpt from Time magazine, March 13, 1950, on Sage’s painting The Instant. â€Å"I can’t tell you what it would mean to most people, but I do know what it means to me. It’s a sort of showing what’s inside - things half mechanical, half alive. The mountain itself can represent almost anything - a human being, life, the world, and fundamental thing.†Sage is giving the viewer what she thought of her piece. The piece which has a very strong style of geometric simplicity, melded together to create something disquieting about the scene. Its intent is to evoke emotion in the viewer, whatever emotion being viewer preference.
Saturday, October 12, 2019
The First Generation Of Computers :: essays research papers
The First Generation of Computers The first generation of computers, beginning around the end of World War 2, and continuing until around the year 1957, included computers that used vacuum tubes, drum memories, and programming in machine code. Computers at that time where mammoth machines that did not have the power our present day desktop microcomputers. In 1950, the first real-time, interactive computer was completed by a design team at MIT. The "Whirlwind Computer," as it was called, was a revamped U.S. Navy project for developing an aircraft simulator. The Whirlwind used a cathode ray tube and a light gun to provide interactively. The Whirlwind was linked to a series of radars and could identify unfriendly aircraft and direct interceptor fighters to their projected locations. It was to be the prototype for a network of computers and radar sites (SAGE) acting as an important element of U.S. air defense for a quarter-century after 1958. In 1951, the first commercially-available computer was delivered to the Bureau of the Census by the Eckert Mauchly Computer Corporation. The UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer) was the first computer which was not a one-of-a- kind laboratory instrument. The UNIVAC became a household word in 1952 when it was used on a televised newscast to project the winner of the Eisenhower- Stevenson presidential race with stunning accuracy. That same year Maurice V. Wilkes (developer of EDSAC) laid the foundation for the concepts of microprogramming, which was to become the guide for computer design and construction. In 1954, the first general-purpose computer to be completely transistorized was built at Bell Laboratories. TRADIC (Transistorized Airborne
Friday, October 11, 2019
Literary Analysis on an Excerpt from A Summer Life Essay
When people are faced with the problematic decision between right and wrong, and have chosen the wrong decision, they often battle the guilt that eats away at them afterwards. In an excerpt from his autobiographical narrative, A Summer Life, Gary Soto looks back into his past when six year old self committed a theft. He achieves a humorous telling of the story due to the new perspective that he has as an adult through the use of similes, imagery, and personification. Upon finishing the stolen pie, he begins to play with his Frisbee and he compares it shadow â€Å"like the shadow of an angel fleeing bad deeds. †The reader gets a sense that he does feel guilty for what he has done, and he wishes that he could flee from the situation at hand. He slowly and uninterestedly jogs after the Frisbee as though the pie is weighing him down. Not only is t weighing him down physically, but mentally as well. He knows what he had done was wrong and that does cause him to have some internal conflict. Along with the use of a simile, Soto uses imagery to visual manifest his guilt. The image of his face â€Å"sticky with guilt†depicts a picture of Soto being very guilty for what he has done, so guilty that it turns into some sort of paranoia. He believed that everyone had known that he had stolen the pie. The gold- colored pie filling that coated his face was somehow the teller of all his secrets. This also adds to the humour because the reader knows that nobody knows or probably cares. The reader can see that adult Soto does not see it as being a big deal as well. He is mocking the childish mentality he had towards the situation and is amused that he actually took the offence so seriously. Not only is his guilt established through his paranoia, but also through the empty pie tin â€Å"glaring at [him]. †The pie tin is personified by possessing the human characteristic of glaring. Soto employs this personification to reiterate the guilt that six year old Gary is feeling. Glaring is an act usually done by a parent that knows that their child has done something wrong. When it is done by an inanimate object, there is a feeling that they have really messed up. Even these soulless entities seem to be able to differentiate between right and wrong. Soto has grown and gotten some new insight which had caused him to change his view on the matter. He demonstrates this through his uses of similes, imagery, and personification to add a humorous tone to the guilt that had eaten him up when he was a young, six year old boy. Soto has shown us that perspective does change over time and the problems that we may face while we’re young will be seen as a little silly when we are older.
Thursday, October 10, 2019
Illustrate and Critically Discuss the Representation of Gay People in Television Sitcoms or Soap Opera.
Illustrate and critically discuss the representation of gay people in television sitcoms or soap opera. As the issue of representation is central to this essay, it is important to note that there have been problems with identifying a definitive meaning of ‘representation’. Several theorists have commented on the concept of representation. Stuart Hall (1997: 61)) defines representation as ‘the process by which members of a culture use language†¦to provide meaning’.From this meaning, he says, we can already see that ‘representation’ cannot possibly be a fixed, unchangeable notion. While culture and language evolve and grow with human society, the same must therefore be said of the perceptions of ‘representation’. Gillian Swanson (1991: 123) backs up Hall’s theory, observing that ‘there can be no absolute version of ‘how things are’ but only many competing versions’. She continues: Ideas about what people are like and how they are meant to be understood already prevail in our culture.They give meaning to our sense of self and allow us to position ourselves in relation to others. Such meanings and attitudes are reproduced in representation but the way representations are constructed is as important as the ideas and meanings they project, since they offer positions for us, through which we recognise images as similar, or different from, ourselves and those around us. We continually define ourselves in changing relations to those meanings; images change over time and the meanings which are legitimated by the social or cultural context change as well.The general idea of ‘representation’ then, not only changes over time, but may also have several different interpretations at any given point. Alexander Doty and Ben Gove (1997: 84) argue that when discussing homosexual representation in the mass media and popular culture we must look ‘beyond understanding the â₠¬Ëœmass’ or ‘popular’ as necessarily meaning a mainstream media or culture that only addresses millions of heterosexuals’. They acknowledge another, ‘alternative’ mass media that runs parallel to the ‘mainstream’ mass media but has been pushed to the sidelines in the past.A conservative viewpoint would state that this is because the mass media should convey the will and desires of the ‘majority’ and therefore should not be made to positively represent anything that contradicts the society’s dominant ideology. However, Doty and Gove note that in recent years the lines between these ‘mainstream’ and ‘alternative’ mass media have become blurred with, for example, the screening of programmes written, starring and watched by lesbians, gays and queers on television.Having said that, this by no means implies that there is less of an issue to be raised by the representation of homosexuality on television. The most obvious issue surrounding this is, of course, the stereotyping of gay characters on television and, in particular, television sitcoms. While gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender characters did not appear in television sitcoms until the 1970s, modern television sees an entire genre of situation comedies featuring gays.These types of programmes are no longer written by the homosexual for the homosexual, but have become integrated within Doty and Gove’s ‘mainstream’ mass media. They discuss the importance of being aware of who finances, creates, publicises and exhibits a certain programme, and how these factors might affect the way that programme represents ‘queerness’. For example, the two creators of the ‘gay-best-friend’ sitcom Will & Grace are Max Mutchnick, who is gay, and David Kohan, who is straight.Arguably, the way in which ‘queerness’ is represented here may have benefited from having a homosex ual and a heterosexual input. This way, the show has more chance of appealing to a wider ‘mass’ audience. Consequently, it is possible that the gay, lesbian or queer characters featured in television sitcoms may have been tailored, in a sense, for a heterosexual audience. This could go some way to clarifying why Will & Grace, unlike many other similar sitcoms of its kind, has become so popular. Stephen Tropiano holds a simpler view, claiming that ‘the success of Will & Grace really comes down to one thing – it’s funny.What separates Will &Grace from the gaycoms that only last a few months has little to do with its politics and more to do with the talent of the performers and the quality of the writing and direction (mainly, James Burrows, one of the best in the business). ’ Swanson notes the ‘extreme and caricatured way in which [stereotyping] draws on commonly-held impressions and assumptions’. It may be assumed that the views Sw anson talks about are ‘commonly-held’ by the dominant, heterosexual audience that the mass media is seen to address.If this is the case, then this may account, in part, for some of the stereotyping of gays in television sitcoms. A more positive (and therefore acceptable) representation would make the programme much more accessible to a much wider audience. But what could be regarded as a ‘positive’ image of gays and lesbians in television? Doty and Gove note that many of the images regarded as ‘positive’ by, and that received praise from critics and watchdogs were ones that played down homosexuality or ignored the issue altogether, depicting gays as being ‘just like everyone else’ in their attempts not to make it a focal point.On the other hand, those images where gays were more explicitly depicted fared no better. Joshua Gamson (1998: 21) found that studies of the portrayals of gay men and lesbians in film and television ‘ha ve soundly demonstrated how homosexual lives have been subject to systematic exclusion and stereotyping as victims and villains’. For example, Gamson cites Vito Russo’s The Celluloid Closet, in which Russo argues that television has produced ‘stereotypical conceptualisations of AIDS that vilify gays and legitimate homophobia’. Doty and Gove take this a step further, observing that:By the late 1980s and 1990s, the recurring televisual image of gay men with AIDS sparked heated critical debates over exactly what kind of image it was: ‘negative’, because it depicted homosexuality as a victimhood that, yet again, ended in death; or ‘positive’, as it encouraged sympathy and even admiration for gay men through images of their courage in the face of death. They identify a bit of a grey area concerning the labelling of the representation of homosexual images as ‘positive’ and ‘negative’ in that different people wi ll look at these images from a variety of perspectives; there can be no universal interpretation of any given image.The same can be said of trying to define ‘realistic’ images of gays, lesbians and queers on television. Doty and Gove observe that there are two ways in which people recognise these ‘real’ images; some note that text expressively marks the imagery through dialogue or by showing physical or sexual activity. Recent examples of this are Matt Fielding (Melrose Place), Simon and Tony (Eastenders) and Beth Jordache (Brookside). Other people feel that realistic images do not need to use explicit text to gauge a character’s sexuality on the basis of other signs.Many viewers see characters like Mr Humphries (Are You Being Served? ) and Xena (Xena: Warrior Princess) as being gay, lesbian or bisexual. These two binary explanations of what constitutes as a ‘realistic’ image of queerness shows the difficulty in even defining what Ã¢â‚¬Ë œreality’ is for gays, lesbians and queers. It is difficult to define a ‘typical reality’ or, to put it another way, to recognise a general gay ‘identity’ in which to categorise them. Essentialist theorists state that they are bound together by the fact that their identities are determined by their sexuality.Donald Hall (2003: 42) suggests that such theorists would argue that ‘same-sex desiring individuals have always existed and that however much their context may have changed, they were, without a doubt, aware of their sexual desires and they must have thought of themselves as belonging to a distinct group of similar individuals’. While it makes sense that the individual would have been aware of their sexual desires, constructionist theory would perhaps note that historically they may not have been aware of any sense of belonging, rather one of detachment due to the cultural influences in society at the time.Constructionist theory, say s Hall, emphasises language and belief systems in order to determine identity. Richard Dyer (2002: 19) observes, rather importantly, that ‘a major fact about being gay is that it doesn’t show†¦the person’s person alone does not show†¦that he or she is gay’. He argues that there are ‘signs of gayness’ such as expressions, stances and clothing that ‘make visible the invisible’. Typification is a near necessity, says Dyer, for the representation of gayness, which he argues is the product of social, political, practical and textual determinations.He deduces that the social factor is an integral one from which gay people can be recognised: The prevalent fact of gay typification is determined by the importance of a social category whose members would be invisible did they and the culture not provide lifestyle signs with which to make recognition possible†¦It is probable that most gay people are for most of their lives in fact invisible. Acting and dressing gay may only be an evening or weekend activity; in particular, it may not be practised at the workplace, or for married gays at home either.Equally, many people who are homosexual may never identify with the various gay lifestyles, never, in this sense, define and produce themselves as gay. What Dyer conveys here is that to be classed as ‘gay’, a person must be able to identify with not only the inner, biological aspects of ‘gayness’ (as put forward by essentialism) but also with the cultural aspects around them (as suggested by constructionism). This in itself is quite stereotypical because of the presumption about what is ‘gay’. Those who do not conform to this ideal are classed as ‘invisible’.Accordingly, the images we have been seeing of gay characters in television sitcoms may only be representations of certain types of gay people, and it is difficult to know whether or not these people are a majority or a minority. Will & Grace attempts to deviate from the stereotypical notions of ‘gayness’ through its two gay main characters, Will and Jack, and provide an insight into ‘invisible’ gayness. James Keller (2002: 124) describes the two main male characters as ‘foils representing diversity within gay masculinity, a diversity which argues for and against gender stereotypes about gay men’.The name ‘Will’, Keller says, signifies resolution and courage while the surname ‘Truman’ suggests that Will is a ‘real man’. This is also put across in the way he dresses. As an attorney, his conservative style and uptight personality mean that Will shows little of the usual stereotypical traits that signal to an audience that he is gay. Keller compares him to the modern sensitive male (such as Ross Geller in Friends), and his primary relationships focus mainly on women, namely Grace.The name ‘Jack’ is reminiscent of a joker or jester, a clown basically. While ‘Truman’ represents composure and respectability, ‘McFarland’ implies waywardness and outlandish behaviour. Tropiano asserts that, similarly to Will, Jack ‘isn’t exactly gay either: he’s hyper-gay’. Keller describes Jack as ‘silly, irresponsible, immature, narcissistic, effeminate, insulting and promiscuous’, the epitome of the negative stereotypical gay male, ‘made lovable by humour and childlike unselfconsciousness’.Their apparent contradictory personalities are, says Keller, the ‘respective embodiments of the familiar and the unfamiliar, although, paradoxically, what is coded as familiar here is actually unfamiliar in the history of gay representation’. He notes that Will is presented as the ‘norm’ whilst Jack is portrayed as unusual among gay men in a respectable, middle class situation. While Will is offered as th e ‘preferable alternative’ to the stereotype of the gay man, because Jack is much funnier and more stylish than Will he could, points out Keller, easily also be a preferable alternative.This presentation of two very different types of gay men, both preferable to the stereotype, serves to not only expand the culturally accepted notion of ‘gayness’ (as part of its political agenda) but also works as a hook to keep its audience interested (the main function of the programme). In addition to this, Will and Jack have enough depth, enough layers in their personalities, to represent – arguably – a certain sense of ‘realism’. Tropiano explains ‘[Sean] Hayes and the writers have created a three-dimensional character who, beneath his somewhat shallow exterior, is a strong, confident person.As a gay man, he’s also completely comfortable with his sexuality. ’ Will, on the other hand, though smart and successful, is the cha racter that most needs personal guidance, about love and relationships in particular, and Jack is often on hand to give this advice. Between these two characters, then, are a fair number of characteristics that gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender and straight people alike would be able to relate to in some way.Furthermore, Will & Grace compromises with the dominant ideologies by making the most important relationships in the lives of the two gay characters heterosocial and quasi-heterosexual. By doing this, the problems identified in earlier ‘gaycoms’ such as Ellen (which was axed for being ‘too gay’ and overly political) are overcome and, as a result, more meaningful, contemporary representations of gay people seen in the show are able to ease naturally into cultural ideology as opposed to being forced through. Vito Russo (1987:325) argues against Richard Dyer’s (and others’) theory of invisibility.He says that ‘gays have always been vi sible†¦it’s how they’ve been visible that has remained offensive for almost a century’. Joshua Gamson supports Russo, pointing out that, until recently, gays and lesbians had very little input into their own representations. Dominant ideologies have therefore held virtually all control over how gays have been represented in the past, leading to negative stereotypes of gays. To remedy this, Gamson argues that ‘more exposure is the answer’. However, this in itself poses problems, such as when considering the positive/negative images approach.Doty and Gove note that its critics have suggested that ‘most definitions of what constitutes a ‘positive’ image would restrict the range of gay and lesbian representation as much as so-called ‘negative’, stereotypical images do, by encouraging only bland, saintly, desexualised mainstream figures who might as well be heterosexual’. But herein lies the problem: dominant c ultural ideology has, throughout history, commanded how gay people are represented in society and on television, and only recently have they been able to acquire some control themselves.After a period of trial and error, the television sitcom Will & Grace, with its innovative balance of hetero and homosexual political comedy, could be making its mark on society. During this time, gays, lesbians, bisexuals and transgenders have been continually trying to become fully accepted as part of mainstream culture. However, the images approach has been criticised for attempting to do just that. In an ever-changing culture, is the gay community in a state of confusion about which direction it wants to go, and how it wants to be represented when it gets there?References †¢ Craig, Steve (1992). Men, Masculinity and the Media. London: Sage Publications Ltd. †¢ Dyer, Richard (2002). The Matter of Images: Essays on Representation. London: Routledge †¢ Gamson, Joshua (1998). Freaks Ta lk Back. Chicago: University of Chicago Press †¢ Hall, Donald E. (2003). Queer Theories. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan †¢ Hall, Stuart (1997). Representation: Cultural Representations and Signifying Practices. London: Sage Publications Ltd. †¢ Keller, James R. (2002).Queer (Un)Friendly Film and Television. North Carolina: McFarland & Company Inc. †¢ Lusted, David (edited by) (1991). The Media Studies Book: A Guide For Teachers. London: Routledge †¢ Medhurst, Andy and Sally R. Munt (1997). Lesbian and Gay Studies: A Critical Introduction. London: Cassell †¢ Tropiano, Stephen (2002). The Prime Time Closet: A History of Gays and Lesbians on TV. Kent: Combined Book Services Ltd. †¢ Russo, Vito (1987). The Celluloid Closet: Homosexuality in the Movies. 2nd Ed. New York: Harper & Row
Wednesday, October 9, 2019
A Struggle for Identity in Shutter Island by Dennis Lehane
At the beginning of Clipper Island, Dennis Lehane, Teddy Daniels considered him himself Marshal of the United States, and was sent to Shutter Island with his partner Chuck. Island) Rachel Solando, a fugitive incident. Rachel Solando is said to be a very dangerous patient who murdered her three children. She escaped her cell somewhere on the psychiatric ward and the island somehow. If Teddy and Chuck jump into the desolated island with a ferry, they will be welcomed by indifference and doubt. Mental disorders may be associated with dangerous and harmful side effects. In Dennis Lane's Shutter Island, the effects of many mental illnesses are harmful to individuals. However, there are three more harmful and long-term effects. First of all, many people with poor sleep tend to feel difficulty due to mental state. In addition, psychosis often reacts individuals violently to emotional conditions. Most importantly, flashback and distorted memory are common when people's mental state is compro mised. Shutter Island is a thriller based on a novel written by Dennis Lehane. The story took place in the 1960s on a Shos island where a mental hospital called Ashecliff was used to imprison the most horrible criminal madman. Two policemen went to the island to investigate the missing prisoners in Word B. This movie focuses on the moral value of the perspective of various people. This movie is full of suspense shots and conversations. The audience may think that two police officers are trapped in the island, but the director has created more traces for the police. Dennis Lehane 's novel Shutter Island was first selected as Columbia Pictures in 2003. The company in Colombia did not take action on that option, but sold it to Lehane, Lehane sold it to Phoenix Pictures. Phoenix hired Laeta Kalogridis. Director Martin Scorsese and actor Leonardo DiCaprio were both fascinated by this project. Production began on March 6, 2008. Shutter Island was mainly filmed in Massachusetts State, Taun ton was the place of flashback scene of World War II. The old industrial building in the Wittennton Mills Complex in Taunton is a reproduction of Dachau concentration camp. Old Medfield State Hospital in Medfield, Massachusetts is also an important place. Cory's office is on the second floor of the evening church. Light shines from the window, it looks like sunlight. The staff painted the hospital brick wall as a plywood
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